On the eve of component procurement, this paper discusses the present physics basis for
the first ITER tungsten (W) divertor, beginning with a reminder of the key elements defining …

In 1959 the Journal of Nuclear Materials (JNM) was founded and is now celebrating its
Diamond Anniversary year. The present paper is part of a series in which single JNM …

The interaction processes between the burning plasma and the first wall in a fusion reactor
are diverse: the first wall will be exposed to extreme thermal loads of up to several tens of …

Edge-localized-modes (ELMs) are a ubiquitous feature of H-mode in tokamaks. When
gradients in the H-mode transport barrier grow to exceed the MHD stability limit the ELM …

This review summarizes surface morphology changes of tungsten caused by heat and
particle loadings from edge plasmas, and their effects on enhanced erosion and material …

The tungsten (W) material in the high heat flux regions of the ITER divertor will be exposed
to high fluxes of low-energy particles (eg H, D, T, He, Ne and/or N). Combined with long …

The heating of tungsten monoblocks at the ITER divertor vertical targets is calculated using
the heat flux predicted by three-dimensional ion orbit modelling. The monoblocks are …

In fusion reactors, surfaces of plasma facing components (PFCs) are exposed to high heat
and particle flux. Tungsten and Copper alloys are primary candidates for plasma facing …

For DEMO and beyond, liquid metal plasma-facing components are considered due to their
resilience to erosion through flowed replacement, potential for cooling beyond conduction …

Component development for operation in a large-scale fusion device requires thorough
testing and qualification for the intended operational conditions. In particular environments …