Vitamin D testing and the use of vitamin D supplements have increased substantially in
recent years. Currently, the role of vitamin D supplementation, and the optimal vitamin D …

Vitamin D has a key role in stimulating calcium absorption from the gut and promoting
skeletal health, as well as many other important physiological functions. Vitamin D is …

Background: The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is not standardized but is based on three major
criteria: a compatible clinical presentation, finding nonnecrotizing granulomatous …

Confusion, apathy, recurrent vomiting, abdominal pain, polyuria, polydipsia, and
dehydration are the most often noted clinical symptoms of vitamin D toxicity (VDT; also …

The First International Conference on Controversies in Vitamin D was held in Pisa, Italy, 14–
16 June 2017. The meeting's purpose was to address controversies in vitamin D research …

Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, accounting for approximately 40% of
body weight, plays important roles in exercise and energy expenditure. In the elderly, there …

Vitamin D has a well-known role in the calcium homeostasis associated with the
maintenance of healthy bones. It increases the efficiency of the intestinal absorption of …

The interest in vitamin D continues unabated with thousands of publications contributing to a
vast and growing literature each year. It is widely recognized that the vitamin D receptor …

Kidney stones (also known as urinary stones or nephrolithiasis) are highly prevalent,
affecting approximately 10% of adults worldwide, and the incidence of stone disease is …

Vitamin D and its active metabolites are important nutrients for human skeletal health. UV
irradiation of skin converts 7-dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D3, which metabolized in the …