Research over the past 30 years has led to a widespread acceptance that insects establish
widespread and diverse associations with microorganisms. More recently, microbiome …

The most widespread intracellular bacteria in the animal kingdom are maternally inherited
endosymbionts of the genus Wolbachia. Their prevalence in arthropods and nematodes …

Wolbachia are successful Gram-negative bacterial endosymbionts, globally infecting a large
fraction of arthropod species and filarial nematodes. Efficient vertical transmission, the …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, mainly positively charged, amphipathic molecules.
AMPs are important effectors of the immune response in insects with a broad spectrum of …

The insect's microbiota is well acknowledged as a “hidden” player influencing essential
insect traits. The gut microbiome of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) has been shown to …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common symbiont-induced reproductive
manipulation. Specifically, symbiont-induced sperm modifications cause catastrophic mitotic …

Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic Alphaproteobacteria that can suppress insect-borne
diseases through decreasing host virus transmission (population replacement) or through …

Maternal transmission is the main transmission pathway of facultative bacterial
endosymbionts, but phylogenetically distant insect hosts harbor closely related …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility is a selfish reproductive manipulation induced by the
endosymbiont Wolbachia in arthropods. In males Wolbachia modifies sperm, leading to …

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human bacterial pathogen that has a cosmopolitan
host range, including livestock, companion and wild animal species. Genomic and …