The involvement of extracellular nucleotides and adenosine in an array of cell-specific
responses has long been known and appreciated, but the integrative view of purinergic …

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are secreted by neurons and relay messages to target
cells. The goal of in vivo electrochemistry is to provide a real-time view of neurotransmitters …

Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in brain function by
regulating synaptic activity and plasticity. Different gliotransmitters, such as glutamate, ATP …

Adenosine has several functions within the CNS that involve an inhibitory tone of
neurotransmission and neuroprotective actions in pathological conditions. The …

Despite continuous advances in understanding the underlying pathogenesis of
hyperexcitable networks and lowered seizure thresholds, the treatment of epilepsy remains …

The inhibitory adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) and excitatory A2A receptor (A2AR) are
predominantly expressed in the brain. Whereas the A2AR has been implicated in normal …

Incubation of purified C57BL/6 murine CD4+ T lymphocytes with anti-CD3 mAb serves as a
model of TCR-mediated activation and results in increased IFN-γ production and cell surface …

Ischemia is a multifactorial pathology characterized by different events evolving in the time.
After ischemia a primary damage due to the early massive increase of extracellular …

Eighty years ago Drury & Szent-Gyorgyi described the actions of adenosine, AMP (adenylic
acid) and ATP (pyrophosphoric or diphosphoric ester of adenylic acid) on the mammalian …

Dendritic cells (DCs) express functional purinergic type 1 receptors, but the effects of
adenosine in these antigen-presenting cells have been only marginally investigated. Here …