Instrumental variable analysis is an approach for obtaining causal inferences on the effect of
an exposure (risk factor) on an outcome from observational data. It has gained in popularity …

Instrumental variable (IV) methods have been proposed as a potential approach to the
common problem of uncontrolled confounding in comparative studies of medical …

Presents the Terminology and Methods of Mendelian Randomization for Epidemiological
StudiesMendelian randomization uses genetic instrumental variables to make inferences …

Mendelian Randomization: Methods For Causal Inference Using Genetic Variants provides
thorough coverage of the methods and practical elements of Mendelian randomization …

Epidemiologic studies are increasingly used to investigate the safety and effectiveness of
medical products and interventions. Appropriate adjustment for confounding in such studies …

In this paper, the authors describe different instrumental variable (IV) estimators of causal
risk ratios and odds ratios with particular attention to methods that can handle continuously …

Importance Broad-based genomic sequencing is being used more frequently for patients
with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about the …

Objective We sought to analyze the prevalence and incremental burden of depression
among elderly with prostate cancer. Methods We adopted a retrospective cohort design …

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America was
charged to identify strategies beyond medical care to address health disparities in the US …

Instrumental variable analyses are increasingly used in epidemiologic studies. For
dichotomous exposures and outcomes, the typical 2-stage least squares approach produces …