The brain is the central organ of stress and adaptation to stress because it perceives and
determines what is threatening, as well as the behavioral and physiological responses to the …

There is increasing evidence in humans and laboratory animals for biologically based sex
differences in every phase of drug addiction: acute reinforcing effects, transition from …

The hippocampus provided the gateway into much of what we have learned about stress
and brain structural and functional plasticity, and this initial focus has expanded to other …

Sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and females via both genomic
and nongenomic receptors. Sex hormones can act through many cellular and molecular …

A historical perspective on estradiol's enhancement of cognitive function is presented, and
research, primarily in animals, but also in humans, is reviewed. Data regarding the …

As the central organ of stress and adaptation to stressors, the brain plays a pivotal role in
behavioral and physiological responses that may lead to successful adaptation or to …

Following the discovery of glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampus and other brain
regions, research has focused on understanding the effects of glucocorticoids in the brain …

This review aims to discuss the evidence supporting the link between chronic stress,
cognitive function and mental health. Over the years, the associations between these …

Contrary to popular belief, sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and
females via both genomic and nongenomic receptors. Many neural and behavioral functions …

Brain cells are continuously exposed to corticosteroid hormones, although the levels vary
(eg, after stress). Corticosteroids alter neural activity via two receptor types …