The mammalian mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) includes complexes I‑IV, as
well as the electron transporters ubiquinone and cytochrome c. There are two electron …

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is incompletely coupled, since protons translocated
to the intermembrane space by specific respiratory complexes of the electron transport chain …

There is a constant high demand for energy to sustain the continuous contractile activity of
the heart, which is met primarily by the β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. The control of …

We present a consolidated view of the complexity and challenges of designing studies for
measurement of energy metabolism in mouse models, including a practical guide to the …

Restricting the intake of calories has been practiced as a method for increasing both the
length and quality of life for over 500years. Experimental work confirming the success of this …

Living in an oxygenated environment has required the evolution of effective cellular
strategies to detect and detoxify metabolites of molecular oxygen known as reactive oxygen …

Abstract Cannon, Barbara, and Jan Nedergaard. Brown Adipose Tissue: Function and
Physiological Significance. Physiol Rev 84: 277–359, 2004; 10.1152/physrev. 00015.2003 …

Obesity is defined medically as a state of increased body weight, more specifically adipose
tissue, of sufficient magnitude to produce adverse health consequences. There has been an …

The alterations in myocardial energy substrate metabolism that occur in heart failure, and
the causes and consequences of these abnormalities, are poorly understood. There is …

Thyroid hormones (THs) play critical roles in the differentiation, growth, metabolism, and
physiological function of virtually all tissues. TH binds to receptors that are ligand …