Over millions of years, animals and plants have evolved complex molecules and structures
that endow them with vibrant colors. Among the sources of natural coloration, structural color …

Through the use of the limited materials palette, optimally designed micro-and
nanostructures, and tightly regulated processes, nature demonstrates exquisite control of …

Swarming magnetic micro/nanorobots hold great promise for biomedical applications, but at
present suffer from inferior capabilities to perceive and respond to chemical signals in local …

Biological photonic crystal (PC) patterns provide unique functionalities for the survival of
creatures, such as the static identified patterns of butterfly wings, the mating function of the …

Stimuli‐responsive colors are a unique characteristic of certain animals, evolved as either a
method to hide from enemies and prey or to communicate their presence to rivals or mates …

Structural colors widespread in nature have been theoretically in‐depth studied and
manufactured through the artificial approaches such as self‐assembly and nanolithography …

The extraordinary properties of biological materials often result from their sophisticated
hierarchical structures. Through multilevel and cross-scale structural designs, biological …

Structural colors, generated by the interaction of interference, diffraction, and scattering
between incident light and periodic nanostructured surfaces with features of the same scale …

The increasing demand for constructing ecological civilization and promoting socially
sustainable development has encouraged scientists to develop bioinspired materials with …

Highly reflective crystals of the nucleotide base guanine are widely distributed in animal
coloration and visual systems. Organisms precisely control the morphology and organization …