Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of
malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a diverse group of specialized antigen-presenting cells with key
roles in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. As such …

CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are preferred immune cells for targeting cancer.
During cancer progression, CTLs encounter dysfunction and exhaustion due to …

The overall response rate for anti–PD-1 therapy remains modest in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC). We found that a combination of IFNα and anti–PD-1–based …

Simple Summary Scientists around the world have long been interested in understanding
the biology of cancer. Numerous studies that have been carried out so far clearly show that …

Greater understanding of tumour immunobiology has led to a new era of cancer treatment in
which immuno-oncology (IO) therapies are used to boost anti-cancer immune responses …

Abstract In 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg added “Deregulating Cellular Energetics” and
“Avoiding Immune Destruction” to the six previous hallmarks of cancer. Since this seminal …

ABSTRACT Cluster of differentiation 27 (CD27) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor
receptor superfamily and plays a key role in T-cell activation by providing a costimulatory …

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, differentiated CD8+ T cells, use multiple mechanisms to mediate
their function, including release of granules containing perforin and granzymes at target …