For the prevention of infectious diseases, knowledge about transmission routes is essential.
In addition to respiratory, fecal–oral, and sexual transmission, the transfer of pathogens via …

Tularaemia is a zoonotic disease caused by Francisella tularensis, a Gram-negative,
facultative intracellular bacterium. Typically, human and animal infections are caused by F …

Conjugate vaccines are among the most effective methods for preventing bacterial
infections. However, existing manufacturing approaches limit access to conjugate vaccines …

Inflammation is the body's first line of defense against infection or injury, responding to
challenges by activating innate and adaptive responses. Microbes have evolved a diverse …

Tularemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. The
predominant sources, routes of infection, and clinical manifestations of human infections …

Bacterial pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, and Bacillus anthracis
are classified into the highest rank of potential bioterrorism agents. Colorimetric lateral flow …

Microbial Forensics is a field that continues to grow in interest and application among the
forensic community. This review, divided into two sections, covers several topics associated …

Intracellular bacterial pathogens evade the bactericidal functions of mammalian cells by
physical escape from their phagosome and replication into the cytoplasm or through the …

DNA fingerprinting has attracted considerable interest as means for identifying, tracing and
preventing the dissemination of infectious agents. Various methods have been developed …

Francisella tularensis subverts the immune system to rapidly grow within mammalian hosts,
often causing tularemia, a fatal disease. This pathogen targets the cytosol of macrophages …