Background: The psycho-physiological changes in brain-body interaction observed in most
of meditative and relaxing practices rely on voluntary slowing down of breath frequency …

Slow breathing practices have been adopted in the modern world across the globe due to
their claimed health benefits. This has piqued the interest of researchers and clinicians who …

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA, or high-frequency heart-rate variability) is frequently
employed as an index of cardiac vagal tone or even believed to be a direct measure of vagal …

Slow breathing is widely applied to improve symptoms of hyperarousal, but it is unknown
whether its beneficial effects relate to the reduction in respiration rate per se, or, to a lower …

As we previously reported, resonant frequency heart rate variability biofeedback increases
baroreflex gain and peak expiratory flow in healthy individuals and has positive effects in …

It is well known that breathing introduces rhythmical oscillations in the heart rate and arterial
pressure levels. Sympathetic oscillations coupled to the respiratory activity have been …

The cardiorespiratory system exhibits oscillations from a range of sources. One of the most
studied oscillations is heart rate variability, which is thought to be beneficial and can serve …

We show that heart rate enabled wearable devices can be used to measure respiratory rate.
Respiration modulates the heart rate creating excess power in the heart rate variability at a …

Key points• Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is the variation of heart rate with breathing:
heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration.• RSA is seen in …

The impact of meditation on cardiorespiratory synchronization with respect to breathing
oscillations and the modulations of heart rate induced by respiration (respiratory sinus …