Grain refinement not only enhances the mechanical performance of as-cast metallic
materials but also provides an effective mechanism for controlling cast defects, such as …

Grain refinement leads, in general, to a decreased tendency to hot tearing, a more dispersed
and refined porosity distribution, and improved directional feeding characteristics during …

The refinement of Al alloys by TiB 2 has been extensively investigated for decades, both in
industry and academia. In order to achieve higher grain refinement potency, it is known that …

In all of metallurgical processing, probably the most prominent example of nucleation control
is the “inoculation” of melts to suppress columnar solidification and to obtain fine equiaxed …

This paper builds on the “Grain Refinement of Mg Alloys” published in 2005 and reviews the
grain refinement research on Mg alloys that has been undertaken since then with an …

We review how phase-field models contributed to the understanding of various aspects of
crystal nucleation, including homogeneous and heterogeneous processes, and their role in …

A comprehensive study on the heterogeneous nucleation and grain growth of Al-10 wt.% Cu
alloys inoculated with Al-5Ti-1B was carried out. To further reveal the solute segregation …

In this article, we present an epitaxial model for heterogeneous nucleation on potent
substrates. It is proposed that heterogeneous nucleation of the solid phase (S) on a potent …

An in-situ study on the directional solidification of an inoculated Al-20 wt% Cu alloy under
well-controlled constant cooling rates and temperature gradients has been carried out using …

Control of as-cast grain size is important for aluminium alloys and is achieved by inoculation.
The usual analysis of grain refining (based on recalescence in small test samples) is not …