Germany has set ambitious policies for increasing renewable energy shares and
decommissioning nuclear energy, but there are certain scientific gaps on how this transition …

Disagreements persist on how to design a self-sufficient, carbon-neutral European energy
system. To explore the diversity of design options, we develop a high-resolution model of the …

Hydrogen represents a versatile energy carrier with net zero end use emissions. Power-to-
Liquid (PtL) includes the combination of hydrogen with CO 2 to produce liquid fuels and …

As the EU energy system transitions to low carbon, the technology choices should consider
a broader set of criteria. The use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) prevents burden shift …

Biomass is a growing renewable energy source in Europe and is envisioned to play a role
for realising carbon neutrality, predominantly using dedicated energy crops. However …

Forest residues, as cheap and abundant feedstock, can replace current fossil-energy
sources, helping to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve energy security …

The achievement of climate neutrality in the European Union by 2050 will not be possible
solely through a reduction in fossil fuels and the development of energy generation from …

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising process for the upgrading of wet biomass
residues. Models of HTC processes, in particular at continuous pilot-scale, are needed to …

Biomass use for energy and materials is, on the one hand, one of the key mitigation options
to reach the 1.5° C GMT target set in the Paris Agreement, as highlighted by the IPCC and …

Perennial biomass crops (PBC) are considered a crucial feedstock for sustainable biomass
supply to the bioeconomy that compete less with food production compared to traditional …