Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages use various receptors to recognize foreign antigens
and to receive feedback control from adaptive immune cells. Although it was long believed …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are deadly weapons used by phagocytes and other cell
types, such as lung epithelial cells, against pathogens. ROS can kill pathogens directly by …

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic, widespread, and neglected disease that affects more than 90
countries in the world. More than 20 Leishmania species cause different forms of …

Much remains to be learned about the pathogenesis of the different manifestations of
dengue virus (DENV) infections in humans. They may range from subclinical infection to …

Antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon involving infectious IgG
antibody immune complexes that mediate the worsening of diseases involving a wide …

A wide range of microorganisms can replicate in macrophages, and cell entry of these
pathogens via non-neutralising IgG antibody complexes can result in increased intracellular …

To determine the role of IL-10 in cutaneous leishmaniasis, we examined lesion development
following Leishmania major infection of genetically susceptible BALB/c mice lacking IL-10 …

The mechanisms underlying the failure to control the growth and systemic spread of
Leishmania parasites in human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are not well understood …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major public health burden. It is generally thought
that while B cell-and antibody-mediated immunity plays an important role in host defense …

Parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania have provided a useful perspective for
immunologists in terms of host defense mechanisms critical for the resolution of infection …