With the rapid increase in the global population and the impact of climate change on
agriculture, there is a need for crops with higher yields and greater tolerance to abiotic …

Highlights•5G breeding approach brings precision and enhances efficiency in breeding
programs.•Genome, germplasm, gene function, genomic breeding and genome editing are …

Vascular plants appeared~ 410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of
which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We …

Recent studies have demonstrated the important role of plant microRNAs (miRNAs) under
nutrient deficiencies. In this study, deep sequencing of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) …

The mutagenic activity of transposable elements (TEs) is suppressed by epigenetic silencing
and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), especially in gametes that could transmit transposed …

The behavior of transcriptomes and epigenomes in hybrids of heterotic parents is of
fundamental interest. Here, we report highly integrated maps of the epigenome, mRNA, and …

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that are 200 bp or
longer, do not encode proteins, and potentially play important roles in eukaryotic gene …

Abstract tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are 18–26 nucleotide small RNAs that are not
random degradation products, but are rather specifically cleaved from mature tRNA …

Gene silencing is a negative feedback mechanism that regulates gene expression to define
cell fate and also regulates metabolism and gene expression throughout the life of an …

The domestication of cereals has involved common changes in morphological features,
such as seed size, seed retention and modification of vegetative and inflorescence …