Survival is a fundamental physiological drive, and neural circuits have evolved to prioritize
actions that meet the energy demands of the body. This fine-tuning of goal-directed actions …

Interoception—the perception of internal bodily signals—has emerged as an area of interest
due to its implications in emotion and the prevalence of dysfunctional interoceptive …

Respiratory rhythms sustain biological life, governing the homeostatic exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide. Until recently, however, the influence of breathing on the brain has …

A growing body of evidence highlights the intricate linkage of exteroceptive perception to the
rhythmic activity of the visceral body. In parallel, interoceptive inference theories of affective …

Conscious interoception, the perception of internal bodily states, is thought to contribute to
fundamental human abilities (eg, decision-making and emotional regulation). One of its most …

Over the past six years, a rapidly growing number of studies have shown that respiration
exerts a significant influence on sensory, affective, and cognitive processes. At the same …

Altered interoception is thought to be implicated in the development of psychopathology.
Recent proposals highlight the need to differentiate between dimensions of interoception to …

Emerging theories emphasize the crucial role of allostasis (anticipatory and adaptive
regulation of the body's biological processes) and interoception (integration, anticipation …

Scholars have argued for centuries that affective states involve interoception, or
representations of the state of the body. Yet, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how …

Recent studies have established that cardiac and respiratory phases can modulate
perception and related neural dynamics. While heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia …