Specific ion effects (SIE), encompassing the Hofmeister Series, have been known for more
than 130 years since Hofmeister and Lewith's foundational work. SIEs are ubiquitous and …

Background Body-fluid loss during prolonged continuous exercise can impair
cardiovascular function, harming performance. Delta percent plasma volume (d PV) …

Consumption of energy drinks has been increasing dramatically in the last two decades,
particularly amongst adolescents and young adults. Energy drinks are aggressively …

Background: A majority of high profile international sporting events, including the coming
2020 Tokyo Olympics, are held in warm and humid conditions. When exercising in the heat …

Sweat sensors introduced in recent years have targeted a variety of sweat features and
biomarkers for non-invasive health monitoring. Amongst these targets, reliable monitoring of …

In recent years, wearable electrochemical biosensors have received increasing attention,
benefiting from the growing demand for continuous monitoring for personalized medicine …

Background The negative effects of dehydration on aerobic activities are well established.
However, it is unknown how dehydration affects intermittent sports performance. The …

The majority of reviews on sports nutrition issues focus on macronutrients, often omitting or
paying less attention to substances such as sodium. Through the literature, it is clear that …

Background To investigate the cause/s of muscle fatigue experienced during a half-iron
distance triathlon. Methodology/Principal Findings We recruited 25 trained triathletes (36±7 …

Background Athletes commonly consume insufficient fluid and electrolytes just prior to, or
during training and competition. Unlike non-athletes or athletes who do not engage in …