Infections arising from multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are spreading rapidly
throughout the world and threaten to become untreatable. The origins of resistance are …

Bacterial pathogens as causative agents of infection constitute an alarming concern in the
public health sector. In particular, bacteria with resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents …

Tripartite efflux pumps and the related type 1 secretion systems (T1SSs) in Gram-negative
organisms are diverse in function, energization, and structural organization. They form …

Food-borne pathogens are a serious human health concern worldwide, and the emergence
of antibiotic-resistant food pathogens has further confounded this problem. Once-highly …

Pathogenic microorganisms that are multidrug-resistant can pose severe clinical and public
health concerns. In particular, bacterial multidrug efflux transporters of the major facilitator …

Salmonella is a diverse Gram-negative bacterium that represents the major disease burden
worldwide. According to WHO, Salmonella is one of the fourth global causes of diarrhoeal …

The ESKAPEE bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has posed a serious public
health concern for centuries. Throughout its evolutionary course, S. aureus has developed …

Background Efflux of antibiotics is an effective resistance mechanism among antibiotic-
resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This systematic review aims to evaluate the frequency and …

Bacterial pathogens resistant to multiple structurally distinct antimicrobial agents are
causative agents of infectious disease, and they thus constitute a serious concern for public …

Background and objectives Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes
wide range of nosocomial and community-acquired infections which have spread worldwide …