The proteins extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 are the downstream
components of a phosphorelay pathway that conveys growth and mitogenic signals largely …

The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell, which drives it to divide and
produce two new daughter cells. The typical cell cycle in eukaryotes is composed of the …

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors were found to be clinically effective for treatment of patients with
certain subsets of cancers carrying somatic mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases. However …

The function of p53 as a tumour suppressor has been attributed to its ability to promote cell
death or permanently inhibit cell proliferation. However, in recent years, it has become clear …

Summary The EGF-stimulated ERK/MAPK pathway is a key conduit for cellular proliferation
signals and a therapeutic target in many cancers. Here, we characterize two central …

Targeted inhibition of oncogenic pathways can be highly effective in halting the rapid growth
of tumors but often leads to the emergence of slowly dividing persister cells, which constitute …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a key effector of many growth signalling
pathways. In this study, we visualise epidermal ERK activity in living mice using an ERK …

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) plays a central role in the signaling
cascades of cell growth. Here, we show that stochastic ERK activity pulses regulate cell …

Cell signaling networks coordinate specific patterns of protein expression in response to
external cues, yet the logic by which signaling pathway activity determines the eventual …

The Restriction Point was originally defined as the moment that cells commit to the cell cycle
and was later suggested to coincide with hyperphosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein …