Understanding the in vivo transport of nanoparticles provides guidelines for designing
nanomedicines with higher efficacy and fewer side effects. Among many factors, the size of …

Optical imaging in disease diagnosis and treatment benefits from high spatiotemporal
resolution and the availability of numerous optical agents. However, many optical imaging …

Among the many challenges in medicine, the treatment and cure of cancer remains an
outstanding goal given the complexity and diversity of the disease. Nanotheranostics, the …

Fluorescence bioimaging affords a vital tool for both researchers and surgeons to
molecularly target a variety of biological tissues and processes. This review focuses on …

Biophotonics as a highly interdisciplinary frontier often requires the assistance of optical
agents to control the light pathways in cells, tissues and living organisms for specific …

Passive targeting of large nanoparticles by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)
effect is a crucial concept for solid tumor targeting in cancer nanomedicine. There is …

It is a challenge to design photosensitizers to balance between the tumor‐targeting
enrichment for precise treatment and efficient clearance within a reasonable timescale for …

Kidneys are a major organ for blood filtration and waste elimination and thus play a key role
in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles in vivo. The interactions of nanoparticles with …

Radiotherapy (RT), including external beam RT and internal radiation therapy, uses high-
energy ionizing radiation to kill tumor cells. However, ionizing radiation inevitably damages …

Albumin, a multifunctional protein, is widely used to prepare nanocarriers. Hyaluronic acid
(HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan that can specifically bind receptors, such as cluster of …