The current understanding of astrophysical magnetic fields is reviewed, focusing on their
generation and maintenance by turbulence. In the astrophysical context this generation is …

The Sun is our nearest star; it is also the most important star that determines life on Earth. A
large variety of phenomena observed on the Sun's surface, with potential impact on Earth, is …

These lecture notes are based on a tutorial given in 2017 at a plasma physics winter school
in Les Houches. Their aim is to provide a self-contained graduate-student level introduction …

High-resolution images of the solar surface show a granulation pattern of hot rising and
cooler downward-sinking material–the top of the deep-reaching solar convection zone …

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The solar dynamo continues to pose a challenge to observers and theoreticians.
Observations of the solar surface reveal a magnetic field with a complex, hierarchical …

It has been a prevailing picture that active regions on the solar surface originate from a
strong toroidal magnetic field stored in the overshoot region at the base of the solar …

The most widely accepted model of the solar cycle is the flux transport dynamo model. This
model evolved out of the traditional α Ω dynamo model which was first developed at a time …

The past few decades have seen dramatic progress in our understanding of solar interior
dynamics, prompted by the relatively new science of helioseismology and increasingly …

Arguments for and against the widely accepted picture of a solar dynamo being seated in
the tachocline are reviewed, and alternative ideas concerning dynamos operating in the …