Oysters, the common name for a number of different bivalve molluscs, are the worldwide
aquaculture species and also play vital roles in the function of ecosystem. As invertebrate …

The interaction between the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system has been
documented over the last several decades. In this review, the neuroanatomical, cellular, and …

It is a difficult task to describe what constitutes a 'healthy'shellfish (eg, crustacean, bivalve).
Visible defects such as discolouration, missing limbs or spines, fouling, lesions, and …

This article is part of a Special Issue “Neuroendocrine-Immune Axis in Health and Disease.”
Stress-induced changes in immune function occur in animals across phyla, and these effects …

Aims: To determine whether the infestation by the protozoan paramyxean parasite, Marteilia
sydneyi, changes the bacterial community of the digestive gland of Sydney rock oysters …

The broad utilisation of neonicotinoids, particularly imidacloprid (IMI), in agriculture has led
to unplanned contamination of aquatic systems around the world. The sublethal effects of …

The effects of low salinity (transferred from 31‰ to 26‰, 21‰, and 16‰) on the regulation
pathways of neuroendocrine-immunoregulatory network were investigated in Litopenaeus …

Bacterial infection and heat stress are considered as two major environmental threats for the
aquaculture industry of oyster Crassostrea gigas. In the present study, the expression …

Catecholamines are pivotal signal molecules in the neuroendocrine-immune regulatory
network, and implicated in the modulation of immune response. In the present study, the …

A 56 day feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of different levels of dietary
histamine on growth performance, immune response, and intestinal health of grouper …