The innate immune system of insects is divided into humoral and cellular defense
responses. Humoral defenses include antimicrobial peptides, the cascades that regulate …

Lepidopteran insects provide important model systems for innate immunity of insects,
particularly for cell biology of hemocytes and biochemical analyses of plasma proteins …

Immune systems have developed to protect multicellular organisms from foreign substances.
During evolution, two types of immune systems have developed to detect foreign …

A genome-wide analysis of innate immunity-related genes and gene families was conducted
using the silkworm, Bombyx mori. We identified orthologs for a large number of genes …

Honeybee population declines have been linked to multiple stressors, including reduced
diet diversity and increased exposure to understudied viral pathogens. Despite interest in …

The innate immunity is the immediate and sole response of invertebrates for the protection
against foreign substances and pathogens. In insects, it relies on both humoral and cellular …

Cell adhesion is essential in immunity in invertebrates, eg, in the cellular immune responses
of encapsulation and nodule formation. Here cell adhesion molecules shown or suggested …

There is increasing evidence of an intimate connection between participants in the innate
immune system and in development. Molecules involved in the determination of dorso …

The immunoglobulin superfamily is a large category of proteins defined by their structural
similarity to immunoglobulins. The majority of these proteins are involved in protein–protein …

Hemolin, an insect immunoglobulin superfamily member, is a lipopolysaccharide-binding
immune protein induced during bacterial infection. The 3.1 angstrom crystal structure …