Immune cells rely on cell-cell communication to specify and fine-tune their responses. They
express an extensive network of cell communication modes, including a vast repertoire of …

The present review assesses the current state of literature defining integrative autonomic-
immune physiological processing, focusing on studies that have employed …

Historically, norepinephrine and the sympathetic nervous system have been associated with
the “fight or flight” response, and they also contribute to the regulation of autonomic activity …

The interaction between the sympathetic nervous system and the immune system has been
documented over the last several decades. In this review, the neuroanatomical, cellular, and …

Optimal host defense against pathogens requires cross-talk between the nervous and
immune systems. This paper reviews sympathetic-immune interaction, one major …

In this review, we have attempted to delineate the current state of knowledge of the
relationships between the immune system and one chemically specific component of the …

A model of somatic dysfunction is developed in which restriction in mobility and autonomic,
visceral, and immunologic changes are produced by painrelated sensory neurons and their …

Noradrenergic (NA) sympathetic innervation of the spleen was examined in young adult
Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) following surgical removal of the superior mesenteric …

Using the radioligand beta-adrenergic blocker [125 I] cyanopindolol (ICYP), we have
characterized the beta-adrenergic receptors on Leu 3+(T helper [TH]), Leu 2+, 9.3−(T …

Background: Neuroendocrine mediators are increasingly recognized as immunomodulatory
agents. Lymphocytes and monocytes express receptors for a variety of neuroendocrine …