Glioblastoma (GBM) is the highest-grade form of glioma, as well as one of the most
aggressive types of cancer, exhibiting rapid cellular growth and highly invasive behavior …

Although several major progresses have been introduced in the field of bone regenerative
medicine during the years, current therapies, such as bone grafts, still have many limitations …

We have identified microRNAs (miRNAs) in undifferentiated and differentiated mouse
embryonic stem (ES) cells. Some of these appear to be ES cell specific, have related …

Retinoic acid (RA), the active form of vitamin A, is a small lipophilic molecule that acts as a
signalling molecule in vertebrates by binding to nuclear receptors (heterodimers of RA …

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells hold promise as an unlimited source of cells for
transplantation therapies. However, control of their proliferation and differentiation into …

One of the exciting advances in modern medicine and life science is cell-based
neurovascular regeneration of damaged brain tissues and repair of neuronal structures. The …

Embryoid bodies (EBs) have been popular in vitro differentiation models for pluripotent stem
cells for more than five decades. Initially, defined as aggregates formed by embryonal …

West Nile virus (WNV) infects neurons and leads to encephalitis, paralysis, and death in
humans, animals, and birds. We investigated the mechanism by which neuronal injury …

In extensive bone defects, tissue damage and hypoxia lead to cell death, resulting in slow
and incomplete healing. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) can give rise to all specialized …

Embryonic stem (ES) cells have the capacity to self renew and to differentiate into cellular
derivatives of the endodermal, ectodermal, and mesodermal lineages. Therefore, ES cells …