Human respiratory virus infections lead to a spectrum of respiratory symptoms and disease
severity, contributing to substantial morbidity, mortality and economic losses worldwide, as …

Seasonal influenza viruses cause recurring global epidemics by continually evolving to
escape host immunity. The viral constraints and host immune responses that limit and drive …

Humans are repeatedly exposed to variants of influenza virus throughout their lifetime. As a
result, preexisting influenza-specific memory B cells can dominate the response after …

Rapidly evolving influenza A viruses (IAVs) and influenza B viruses (IBVs) are major causes
of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Current influenza vaccines elicit antibodies …

Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the two influenza virus surface glycoproteins, and antibodies
that target it are an independent correlate of protection. However, our current understanding …

Influenza viruses are responsible for millions of cases globally and significantly threaten
public health. Since pandemic and zoonotic influenza viruses have emerged in the last 20 …

There is growing appreciation for neuraminidase (NA) as an influenza vaccine target;
however, its antigenicity remains poorly characterized. In this study, we isolated three …

Influenza B viruses have circulated in humans for over 80 y, causing a significant disease
burden. Two antigenically distinct lineages (“B/Victoria/2/87-like” and “B/Yamagata/16/88 …

To ensure that vaccination offers the best protection against an infectious disease, sequence
identity between the vaccine and the circulating strain is paramount. During replication of …

Current seasonal influenza virus vaccines do not induce robust immune responses to
neuraminidase. Several factors, including immunodominance of hemagglutinin over …