The ability to study cellular physiology using photosensitive, genetically encoded molecules
has profoundly transformed neuroscience. The modern optogenetic toolbox includes …

Plants have evolved complex and sophisticated transcriptional networks that mediate
developmental changes in response to light. These light-regulated processes include …

The discovery of light-inducible protein–protein interactions has allowed for the spatial and
temporal control of a variety of biological processes. To be effective, a photodimerizer …

The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell
behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to …

Biofilms are surface-attached microbial communities with characteristic architecture and
phenotypic and biochemical properties distinct from their free-swimming, planktonic …

Stomatal pores, each surrounded by a pair of guard cells, regulate CO2 uptake and water
loss from leaves. Stomatal opening is driven by the accumulation of K+ salts and sugars in …

Phototropins are blue-light receptors controlling a range of responses that serve to optimize
the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. These include phototropism, light-induced stomatal …

Plants depend on the surrounding light environment to direct their growth. Blue light (300–
500 nm) in particular acts to promote a wide variety of photomorphogenic responses …

Precise timing of CONSTANS (CO) gene expression is necessary for day-length
discrimination for photoperiodic flowering. The FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1 …

▪ Abstract Plants utilize several families of photoreceptors to fine-tune growth and
development over a large range of environmental conditions. The UV-A/blue light sensing …