Abstract Explanations for the Late Bronze Age crisis and collapse in the eastern
Mediterranean are legion: migrations, predations by external forces, political struggles within …

One of the goals of climate scientists is to understand how climate shifts may have changed
the course of history and influenced culture at millennial timescales. Repeatedly …

The potential of climate change to substantially alter human history is a pressing concern,
but the specific effects of different types of climate change remain unknown. This question …

Lord Byron described Greece as great, fallen, and immortal, a characterization more apt
than he knew. Through most of its long history, Greece was poor. But in the classical era …

Understanding Collapse explores the collapse of ancient civilisations, such as the Roman
Empire, the Maya, and Easter Island. In this lively survey, Guy D. Middleton critically …

The Late Bronze Age world of the Eastern Mediterranean, a rich linkage of Aegean,
Egyptian, Syro-Palestinian, and Hittite civilizations, collapsed famously 3200 years ago and …

A core drilled from the Sea of Galilee was subjected to high resolution pollen analysis for the
Bronze and Iron Ages. The detailed pollen diagram (sample/~ 40 yrs) was used to …

Here we identify and analyze proxy data interpreted to reflect hydro-climatic variability over
the last 10,000 years from the Mediterranean region to (1) outline millennial and multi …

This paper offers new high-resolution oxygen and carbon isotope data from Stalagmite S1
from Mavri Trypa Cave, SW Peloponnese. Our data provide the climate background to the …

How states and great powers rise and fall is an intriguing enigma of human history. Are there
any patterns? Do polities become more vulnerable over time as they age? We analyze …