It is hypothesized that glucokinase (GCK) is the glucose sensor not only for regulation of
insulin release by pancreatic β-cells, but also for the rest of the cells that contribute to …

In the last two decades we have witnessed sizable progress in defining the role of
gastrointestinal signals in the control of glucose and energy homeostasis. Specifically, the …

The peptide hormone glucagon, discovered in late 1922, is secreted from pancreatic alpha
cells and is an essential regulator of metabolic homeostasis. This review summarises …

Although the gastrointestinal (GI) tract possesses intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a
significant degree of autonomy over GI functions, the central nervous system (CNS) provides …

The worldwide prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate, with major adverse
consequences for human health. This" obesity epidemic" is paralleled by a rapid and …

The delivery of blood-borne molecules conveying metabolic information to neural networks
that regulate energy homeostasis is restricted by brain barriers. The fenestrated endothelium …

This review explains our current understanding of the syndromes of defective glucose
counterregulation and hypoglycemia unawareness in persons with diabetes. The …

The glucokinase (GCK) gene was one of the first candidate genes to be identified as a
human “diabetes gene". Subsequently, important advances were made in understanding the …

Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a problem for people with diabetes. It causes recurrent morbidity,
and sometimes death, as well as a vicious cycle of recurrent hypoglycemia, precluding …

This review is focused on two topics related to glucose in vertebrates. In a first section
devoted to glucose homeostasis we describe how glucose levels fluctuate and are regulated …