Codon optimization describes gene engineering approaches that use synonymous codon
changes to increase protein production. Applications for codon optimization include …

Engineered biological systems such as genetic circuits and microbial cell factories have
promised to solve many challenges in the modern society. However, the artisanal processes …

We describe complete design of a synthetic eukaryotic genome, Sc2. 0, a highly modified
Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome reduced in size by nearly 8%, with 1.1 megabases of …

The prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems provide valuable resources to
develop genome editing tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a/Cpf1. Recently …

Heterologous expression is the main approach for recombinant protein production ingenetic
synthesis, for which codon optimization is necessary. The existing optimization methods are …

Rapid advances in DNA synthesis techniques have made it possible to engineer viruses,
biochemical pathways and assemble bacterial genomes. Here, we report the synthesis of a …

Recent advances in DNA synthesis technology have enabled the construction of novel
genetic pathways and genomic elements, furthering our understanding of system-level …

Background The underlying goal of synthetic biology is to make the process of engineering
biological systems easier. Recent work has focused on defining and developing standard …

The identification of synaptic partners is challenging in dense nerve bundles, where many
processes occupy regions beneath the resolution of conventional light microscopy. To …

OPTIMIZER is an on-line application that optimizes the codon usage of a gene to increase
its expression level. Three methods of optimization are available: the 'one amino acid–one …