Research in extreme environments has substantially expanded our understanding of the
ecology and evolution of life on Earth, but a major group of organisms has been largely …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are biological antifreezes with unique properties, including
thermal hysteresis (TH), ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), and interaction with membranes …

Extreme cold marine and freshwater temperatures (below 4° C) induce massive
deterioration to the cell membranes of organisms resulting in the formation of ice crystals …

Antarctica is arguably the world's most important continent for influencing the Earth's climate
and ocean ecosystem function. The unique physico-chemical properties of the Southern …

Bacterial adhesins are modular cell-surface proteins that mediate adherence to other cells,
surfaces, and ligands. The Antarctic bacterium Marinomonas primoryensis uses a 1.5-MDa …

Diatoms and other algae not only survive, but thrive in sea ice. Among sea ice diatoms, all
species examined so far produce ice-binding proteins (IBPs), whereas no such proteins are …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs), characterized by their ability to separate the melting and growth
temperatures of ice and to inhibit ice recrystallization, play an important role in cold …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are structurally diverse macromolecules that bind to ice crystals
and inhibit their growth to protect the organism from injuries caused by freezing. An AFP …

The importance of newly formed sea ice in spring is likely to increase with formation of leads
in a more dynamic Arctic icescape. We followed the ice algal species succession in young …

Ice‐binding proteins (IBP s) control the growth and shape of ice crystals to cope with
subzero temperatures in psychrophilic and freeze‐tolerant organisms. Recently, numerous …