Biodiversity is unevenly distributed on Earth and hotspots of biodiversity are often
associated with areas that have undergone orogenic activity during recent geological history …

Phylogenetic approaches to biogeography are rapidly becoming more sophisticated. Four
types of models are being explored in the literature:(a) diffusion models,(b) island models,(c) …

Phylogenetic studies of geographic range evolution are increasingly using statistical model
selection methods to choose among variants of the dispersal‐extinction‐cladogenesis …

Founder-event speciation, where a rare jump dispersal event founds a new genetically
isolated lineage, has long been considered crucial by many historical biogeographers, but …

Historical biogeography has a diversity of methods for inferring ancestral geographic ranges
on phylogenies, but many of the methods have conflicting assumptions, and there is no …

Avian diversification has been influenced by global climate change, plate tectonic
movements, and mass extinction events. However, the impact of these factors on the …

Historical biogeography is increasingly studied from an explicitly statistical perspective,
using stochastic models to describe the evolution of species range as a continuous-time …

In historical biogeography, model-based inference methods for reconstructing the evolution
of geographic ranges on phylogenetic trees are poorly developed relative to the diversity of …

Songbirds (oscine passerines) are the most species-rich and cosmopolitan bird group,
comprising almost half of global avian diversity. Songbirds originated in Australia, but the …

True crocodiles (Crocodylus) are the most broadly distributed, ecologically diverse, and
species‐rich crocodylian genus, comprising about half of extant crocodylian diversity and …