The distribution of terrestrial biodiversity within Antarctica is complex, with 16 distinct
biogeographic regions (Antarctic Conservation Biogeographic Regions) currently …

The Antarctic is considered to be a pristine environment relative to other regions of the Earth,
but it is increasingly vulnerable to invasions by marine, freshwater and terrestrial non‐native …

Antarctic biodiversity faces an unknown future with a changing climate. Most terrestrial biota
is restricted to limited patches of ice‐free land in a sea of ice, where they are adapted to the …

Antarctica is increasingly vulnerable to climate change impacts, with the continent predicted
to warm by∼ 4° C by 2100 under a 'business as usual'greenhouse gas emission scenario …

Scientific evidence is abundantly clear and convincing that due to the current trajectory of
human-derived emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, the atmosphere and ocean …

Successful alien species invasion depends on many factors studied mostly in post invasion
habitats, and subsequently summarized in frameworks tailored to describe the studied …

Biological invasions represent significant economic and conservation challenges, though it
is widely acknowledged that their impacts are often poorly documented and difficult to …

Antarctica currently has few non-native species, compared to other regions of the planet,
due to the continent's isolation, extreme climatic conditions and the lack of habitat. However …

Over the last decades human have introduced non-native organisms to Antarctica, including
the grass species Poa annua. This non-native grass under constant growth temperatures …

Antarctica, with its severe conditions, is poor in terrestrial fauna species. However, an
increase in human presence together with climate change may cause an influx of non-native …