Knowledge of the state of the earth at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, an interval around
21,000 years ago) is an important benchmark for understanding the sensitivity of global …

Atmospheric dust is an important feedback in the climate system, potentially affecting the
radiative balance and chemical composition of the atmosphere and providing nutrients to …

Oxygen isotope records and glaciomarine sediments indicate at least an intermittent
presence of large continental ice sheets on Antarctica since the earliest Oligocene (circa 35 …

Unlike the familiar Phanerozoic history of life, evolution during the earlier and much longer
Precambrian segment of geological time centred on prokaryotic microbes. Because such …

Cores 255 and B-3GC from the southern and northern Okinawa Trough, respectively, were
studied for determining the variability of the Kuroshio Current on centennial scales during …

Natural mineral aerosol (dust) is an active component of the climate system and plays
multiple roles in mediating physical and biogeochemical exchanges between the …

Abundances of 12 species of planktonic foraminifera collected in two plankton tows from the
east tropical Atlantic are compared to the chlorophyll content and the temperature of the sea …

The northern Arabian Sea is one of the few regions in the open ocean where thermocline
water is severely depleted in oxygen. The intensity of this oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) has …

Tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs), as thermodynamically recorded in Barbados
corals, were 5° C colder than present values 19,000 years ago. Variable tropical SSTs may …

The relationship between shell size and Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, δ18O, and δ13C of planktonic
foraminiferal calcite has been investigated using seventeen species in six different size …