Genetic diversity creation is a core technology in directed evolution where a high quality
mutant library is crucial to its success. Owing to its importance, the technology in genetic …

Protein re‐engineering by directed evolution has become a standard approach for tailoring
enzymes in many fields of science and industry. Advances in screening formats and …

A main remaining challenge in protein engineering is how to recombine beneficial
substitutions. Systematic recombination studies show that poorly performing variants are …

Expanding synthetic capabilities to routinely employ enzymes in organic solvents (OSs) is a
dream for protein engineers and synthetic chemists. Despite significant advances in the field …

Bacterial phosphorothioate (PT) DNA modifications are incorporated by Dnd proteins AE
and often function with DndF-H as a restriction-modification (RM) system, as in Escherichia …

Recently-emerging genome editing technologies have enabled targeted gene knockout
experiments even in non-model insect species. For studies on insecticide resistance …

The ability to assemble multiple fragments of DNA into a plasmid in a single step is
invaluable to studies in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Using …

Enzymes have been long used in man-made biochemical processes, from brewing and
fermentation to current industrial production of fine chemicals. The ever-growing demand for …

The thymus is a central lymphoid organ primarily responsible for the development of T cells.
A small proportion of B cells, however, also reside in the thymus to assist negative selection …

A large number of beneficial substitutions can be obtained from a successful directed
enzyme evolution campaign and/or (semi) rational design. It is expected that the …