Objective Refractory autoimmune diseases remain a significant challenge in clinical practice
and new therapeutic options are needed. This systematic review evaluates the existing …

Autoimmune inflammation is caused by the loss of tolerance to specific self-antigens and
can result in organ-specific or systemic disorders. Systemic autoimmune diseases affect a …

B cell–targeted therapies, such as CD20-targeting mAbs, deplete B cells but do not target
the autoantibody-producing plasma cells (PCs). PC-targeting therapies such as …

Summary Proteinase 3 (PR3)-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-
associated vasculitis is one of two major ANCA-associated vasculitis variants and is …

Introduction: The transplantation of highly sensitized patients remains a major obstacle.
Immunized patients wait longer for a transplant if not prioritized, and if transplanted, their …

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a small-vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects
the ear–nose–throat system, lungs and kidneys. Standard induction therapy for major organ …

CD38 antigen is a glycoprotein that found on the surface of several immune cells, and this
property makes its monoclonal antibodies have the effect of targeted elimination of immune …

Systemic vasculitides comprise a collection of rare and heterogeneous disorders capable of
impacting any organ and system, posing a considerable burden of mortality and comorbidity …

Nephrology is an ever-evolving field of medicine. The importance of such a discipline is
related to the high clinical impact of kidney disease. In fact, abnormalities of kidney function …

Abstract Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T), currently employed routinely for
treating B-cell malignancies, has emerged as a groundbreaking approach in addressing …