Physical activity decreases the risk of a network of diseases, and exercise may be
prescribed as medicine for lifestyle-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes, dementia …

During the past decade, skeletal muscle has been identified as a secretory organ.
Accordingly, we have suggested that cytokines and other peptides that are produced …

With increasing age, the immune system undergoes a remodeling process, termed
immunosenescence, which is accompanied by considerable shifts in leukocyte …

Low-grade inflammation is a characteristic of the obese state, and adipose tissue releases
many inflammatory mediators. The source of these mediators within adipose tissue is not …

AIMS: Irisin has been identified as a novel myokine that drives brown-fat-like conversion of
white adipose tissue. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether serum irisin …

Skeletal muscle has recently been identified as an endocrine organ. It has, therefore, been
suggested that cytokines and other peptides that are produced, expressed, and released by …

In the past, the role of physical activity as a life-style modulating factor has been considered
as that of a tool to balance energy intake. Although it is important to avoid obesity, physical …

In the last few years, the muscular system has gained attention due to the discovery of the
muscle-secretome and its high potency for retaining or regaining health. These cytokines …

Maintaining a healthy brain is a critical factor for the quality of life of elderly individuals and
the preservation of their independence. Challenging aging brains through cognitive training …

Human and other animal studies demonstrate that exercise targets many aspects of brain
function and has broad effects on overall brain health. The benefits of exercise have been …