Abstract Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been
characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and “antioxidants” …

Thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and NADPH, the thioredoxin system, is ubiquitous from
Archea to man. Thioredoxins, with a dithiol/disulfide active site (CGPC) are the major cellular …

The first disulfide linkage-employing drug conjugate that exploits the reversible nature of this
unique covalent bond was recently approved for human use. Increasing numbers of drug …

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals and humans that is obtained from
dietary sources including cereals, grains and vegetables. The Se content of plants varies …

The thioredoxin system—formed by thioredoxin reductase and its characteristic substrate
thioredoxin—is an important constituent of the intracellular redox milieu. Interactions with …

Metastasis is the most life threatening aspect of breast cancer. It is a multi-step process
involving invasion and migration of primary tumor cells with a subsequent colonization of …

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a ubiquitous intracellular protein disulfide oxidoreductase with a CXXC
active site that can be released by various cell types upon activation. We show here that Trx …

Abstract Thioredoxin (Trx) and Trx reductase (TrxR) are redox-active proteins that participate
in multiple cellular events, including growth promotion, apoptosis, and cytoprotection …

Recent studies have implicated reduced thiols (cysteine− SH) in the function of individual
cell surface proteins. Studies presented here demonstrate that the overall level of reduced …

The oxidizing nature of the extracellular environment is vastly different from the highly
reducing nature of the intracellular compartment. The redox potential of the cytosolic …