Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was discovered more than a century ago, and its known
roles have extended from within the immune system to include a neuro-inflammatory domain …

Damage to the peripheral nervous system often leads to chronic neuropathic pain
characterized by spontaneous pain and an exaggerated response to painful and/or …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is implicated in the initiation of neuropathic pain. In vitro, TNF
activates p38 mitogen-activated kinase. Accordingly, we investigated whether TNF activates …

Neuropathic pain resulting from damage to or dysfunction of peripheral nerves is not well
understood and difficult to treat. Although CNS hyperexcitability is a critical component …

Background The dorsal root ganglion (DRG), in the not too distant past, had been thought of
as a passive organ not involved in the development of abnormal aberrent neuropathic pain …

Within the past decade, there has been increasing recognition that glia are far more than
simply “housekeepers” for neurons. This review explores two recently recognized roles of …

Objectives. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate changes in tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNF-α) and TNF-α receptor 1 (p55 receptor) using double fluorescent …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is upregulated after nerve injury, causes pain on injection,
and its blockade reduces pain behavior resulting from nerve injury; thus it is strongly …

Neuroinflammation is a proinflammatory cytokine-mediated process that can be provoked by
systemic tissue injury but it is most often associated with direct injury to the nervous system …

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays an
important role in neuropathic pain. Recently, it has been shown that Lumbar 5 ventral root …