Hypertension is highly prevalent in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy
is the leading cause of CKD and end-stage kidney disease in the United States. The etiology …

Exercise is advocated in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the effects of
different forms of exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors in T1D still remain unclear …

Document Reviewers: Luis Alcocer (Mexico), Christina Antza (Greece), Mustafa Arici
(Turkey), Eduardo Barbosa (Brazil), Adel Berbari (Lebanon), Luıs Bronze (Portugal), John …

Background Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria often have
elevated blood pressure while they are asleep, but it is not known whether the elevation …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) affecting∼
20–30% diabetics, is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. The progression of …

Objective: To assess the relative effect of different antihypertensive agents on proteinuria
and renal function in patients with diabetes. Data Sources: We used MEDLINE and …

The late complications of diabetes represent in large part microvascular dysfunction. The
development of techniques to measure microvascular function has resulted in a clearer …

Objective: To examine whether slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion precedes
development of atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with insulin dependent diabetes …

Background—Pulse pressure (PP) increases with age as a result of arterial stiffening and is
a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease. Type 1 diabetes is associated with excessive …

Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(IDDM) that affects 30% to 40% of IDDM patients with a predictable time of onset …