Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is essential for digitizing historical documents in
different kinds of archives. In this study, we introduce a hybrid form archive written in French …

This study aims to review the latest contributions in Arabic Optical Character Recognition
(OCR) during the last decade, which helps interested researchers know the existing …

A comprehensive Arabic handwritten text database is an essential resource for Arabic
handwritten text recognition research. This is especially true due to the lack of such …

According to statistics, there are 422 million speakers of the Arabic language. Islam is the
second-largest religion in the world, and its followers constitute approximately 25% of the …

We introduce a general formulation, called non-negative graph embedding, for non-negative
data decomposition by integrating the characteristics of both intrinsic and penalty graphs …

Developing a standard database for offline handwriting recognition is an essential task. This
paper offers a novel comprehensive database for conducting research on offline Persian …

In recent years, with the widespread of Internet and digitized processing of multi-script
documents worldwide, script identification techniques have become more important in the …

Document Image Analysis (DIA) is one of the research areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that
converts document images into machine-readable codes. In DIA systems, Optical Character …

Demographic handwriting‐based classification problems, such as gender and handedness
categorizations, present interesting applications in disciplines like Forensic Biometrics. This …

The Transformer has quickly become the dominant architecture for various pattern
recognition tasks due to its capacity for long-range representation. However, transformers …