Fear is an adaptive component of the acute “stress” response to potentially-dangerous
(external and internal) stimuli which threaten to perturb homeostasis. However, when …

Despite decades of basic and clinical research, our understanding of how benzodiazepines
tend to lose their efficacy over time (tolerance) is at least incomplete. In appears that …

BACKGROUND: A limited number of reports have demonstrated abnormalities involving the
glutamate and gamma amino butyric acid systems in blood and platelets of subjects with …

The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor system, the main fast-acting inhibitory
neurotransmitter system in the brain, is the pharmacological target for many drugs used …

Rationale Cortical γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic neurons contribute to the orchestration
of pyramidal neuron population firing as follows:(1) by releasing GABA on GABA A and …

Over the past several decades, benzodiazepines and the newer non-benzodiazepines have
become the anxiolytic/hypnotics of choice over the more readily abused barbiturates. While …

Heterozygous reeler mice (HRM) haploinsufficient for reelin express≈ 50% of the brain
reelin content of wild-type mice, but are phenotypically different from both wild-type mice and …

Knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the development of benzodiazepine (BZ)
dependence remains incomplete. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor, being the …

A multitude of mechanisms are involved in the control of emotion and in the response to
stress. These incorporate mediators/targets as diverse as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) …

Background: Several lines of evidence indicate a high comorbidity between anxiety and
alcohol abuse. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms in the amygdaloid …