▪ Abstract Most prokaryotic signal-transduction systems and a few eukaryotic pathways use
phosphotransfer schemes involving two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase …

The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living
cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast …

We describe a graphical system for automatically generating multiple 2D diagrams of ligand–
protein interactions from 3D coordinates. The diagrams portray the hydrogen-bond …

Histidine kinases (HKs) are major players in bacterial signaling. There has been an
explosion of new HK crystal structures in the last 5 years. We globally analyze the structures …

Two-component signal transduction based on phosphotransfer from a histidine protein
kinase to a response regulator protein is a prevalent strategy for coupling environmental …

Abstract SMART (a Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool) allows the identification
and annotation of genetically mobile domains and the analysis of domain architectures …

Phosphotransfer-mediated signaling pathways allow cells to sense and respond to
environmental stimuli. Autophosphorylating histidine protein kinases provide phosphoryl …

An interesting recent development is the recognition of a novel ATP-binding superfamily that
includes diverse protein families such as DNA topoisomerase II, molecular chaperones …

Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt
to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions. In the prototypical two …

Two-component signal-transducing systems are ubiquitously distributed communication
interfaces in bacteria. They consist of a histidine kinase that senses a specific environmental …