Neurological conditions, including cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD),
impose a huge burden on society, affecting millions of people globally. In addition to genetic …

Early life stress (ELS) encompasses exposure to aversive experiences during early
development, such as neglect or maltreatment. Animal and human studies indicate that ELS …

Exposure to early life stress (ELS) may lead to long-lasting neurobiological and behavioral
impairments. Alterations in the immune system and neuroinflammatory state induced by ELS …

Background Drugs prescribed for psychiatric disorders in adolescence should be studied
very extensively since they can affect developing and thus highly plastic brain differently …

Rationale Exposure to social defeat (SD) induces a depressive phenotype, increased
ethanol seeking and consumption, accompanied by activation of the neuroinflammatory …

In humans, exposure to early life stress (ELS) is an established risk factor for the
development of substance use disorders (SUDs) during later life. Similarly, rodents exposed …

Evidence has shown the beneficial effects of exercise on learning and memory. However,
many studies have reported controversial results, indicating that exercise can impair …

A growing body of evidence suggests voluntary physical activity is associated with
decreased stress-related disorders such as anxiety-and depression-like behaviours in both …

Caffeine is a commonly used stimulant of the central nervous system that reduces fatigue,
increases alertness, and exerts positive effects on emotion through actions on various brain …

Lifestyle factors, especially exercise, impact the manifestation and progression of psychiatric
and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression and Alzheimer's disease, mediated by …