RNA silencing is a well-established antiviral immunity system in plants, in which small RNAs
guide Argonaute proteins to targets in viral RNA or DNA, resulting in virus repression. Virus …

Plants can be colonized by fungi that have adopted highly diverse lifestyles, ranging from
symbiotic to necrotrophic. Colonization is governed in all systems by hundreds of secreted …

Aggressive fungal pathogens such as Botrytis and Verticillium spp. cause severe crop
losses worldwide. We recently discovered that Botrytis cinerea delivers small RNAs (Bc …

Fungi have developed a plethora of strategies to colonize plants, and these interactions
result in a broad spectrum of outcomes ranging from beneficial interactions to death of the …

Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely
dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy …

Trichoderma species are opportunistic fungi residing primarily in soil, tree bark and on wild
mushrooms. Trichoderma is capable of killing other fungi and penetrating plant roots, and is …

Fungi and oomycetes are filamentous microorganisms that include a diversity of highly
developed pathogens of plants. These are sophisticated modulators of plant processes that …

Key message Host resistance conferred by Pm genes provides an effective strategy to
control powdery mildew. The study of Pm genes helps modern breeding develop toward …

Introgressions of chromosomal segments from related species into wheat are important
sources of resistance against fungal diseases. The durability and effectiveness of …

Fungal secretome consists of various functional groups of proteins, many of which
participate in nutrient acquisition, self-protection, or manipulation of the environment and …