Alzheimer's disease (AD) should be regarded as a degenerative metabolic disease caused
by brain insulin resistance and deficiency, and overlapping with the molecular, biochemical …

The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen to epidemic
proportions. The pathophysiology of T2DM is complex and involves insulin resistance …

The gut microbiota affects nutrient acquisition and energy regulation of the host, and can
influence the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. During feeding, gut …

Metabolic disorders result from dysregulation of central nervous system and peripheral
metabolic energy homeostatic pathways. To maintain normal energy balance, neural circuits …

The nerve growth factor family of growth factors, collectively known as neurotrophins, are
evolutionarily ancient regulators with an enormous range of biological functions. Reflecting …

The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR) functions at the molecular nexus of cell death,
survival, and differentiation. In addition to its contribution to neurodegenerative diseases and …

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first neurotrophin described. This neurotrophin
contributes to organogenesis by promoting sensory innervation and angiogenesis in the …

Recent evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked with insulin
resistance, as seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin signaling is impaired in AD …

Simple Summary The activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDF) in the central
nervous system has been well-studied, but its physiological role in other organs has not …

Sleep deprivation (SD) interferes with hippocampal structural and functional plasticity,
formation of long-term memory and cognitive function. The molecular mechanisms …