This paper reviews recent developments in the neurocircuitry and neurobiology of addiction
from a perspective of allostasis. A model is proposed for brain changes that occur during the …

Drugs of abuse are ve y powerful reinforcers, and even in conditions of limited access
(where the organism is nof dependent) these drugs will motivate high rates of operant …

The molecular and cellular actions of three classes of abused drugs—opiates,
psychostimulants, and ethanol—are reviewed in the context of behavioral studies of drug …

Drug addiction, also known as substance dependence, is a chronically relapsing disorder
characterized by (1) compulsion to seek and take the drug,(2) loss of control in limiting …

The brain substrates involved in the effect of cocaine on brain stimulation reward, in the
psychomotor activation associated with cocaine, and in cocaine self-administration appear …

Drug addiction presents as a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by persistent drug‐
seeking and drug‐taking behaviours. Given the significant detrimental effects of this disease …

There is a long-standing interest in the role of endogenous opioid peptides in feeding
behavior and, in particular, in the modulation of food reward and palatability. Since drugs …

This review first focuses on the neurobiological substrates for the acute reinforcing effects of
the major classes of drugs of abuse. Next, a discussion is provided of how these …

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disorder characterized by neurobiological
changes that lead to a compulsion to take a drug with loss of control over drug intake. The …

Drug abuse is a major public health problem, and the relationship between intravenous drug
abuse and AIDS underscores the need for more effective treatment medications. Animal …