Genomic analysis of many nonmodel species has uncovered an incredible diversity of sex
chromosome systems, making it possible to empirically test the rich body of evolutionary …

• Premise of the study: Separating sexual function between different individuals carries risks,
especially for sedentary organisms. Nevertheless, many land plants have unisexual …

Apomixis, the clonal formation of seeds, is a rare yet widely distributed trait in flowering
plants. We have isolated the PARTHENOGENESIS (PAR) gene from apomictic dandelion …

We propose an electric circuit array with topologically protected unidirectional voltage
modes at its boundary. Instead of external bias fields or Floquet engineering, we employ …

Chromosomal inversions are ubiquitous in genomes and often coordinate complex
phenotypes, such as the covariation of behavior and morphology in many birds, fishes …

The human Y chromosome is intriguing not only because it harbours the master-switch gene
that determines gender but also because of its unusual evolutionary history. The Y …

In plants, multiple lineages have evolved sex chromosomes independently, providing a
powerful comparative framework, but few specific determinants controlling the expression of …

Dioecy, the presence of male and female individuals, has evolved independently in multiple
flowering plant lineages,–. Although theoretical models for the evolution of dioecy, such as …

Transgenic papaya is widely publicized for controlling papaya ringspot virus. However, the
impact of particle bombardment on the genome remains unknown. The transgenic SunUp …

It remains a major challenge to identify the genes and mutations that lead to plant sexual
differentiation. Here, we study the structure and evolution of the sex-determining region …