Astrocytes and microglia are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis within the central
nervous system via their capacity to regulate neuronal transmission and prune synapses …

The relevance of monocyte and macrophage reservoirs in virally suppressed people with
HIV (vsPWH) has previously been debatable. Macrophages were assumed to have a …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have potential in disease treatment since they can be loaded
with therapeutic molecules and engineered for retention by specific tissues. However …

HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is characterized by neuroinflammation
and glial activation that, together with the release of viral proteins, trigger a pathogenic …

The achievement of an HIV cure is dependent on the eradication or permanent silencing of
HIV-latent viral reservoirs, including the understudied central nervous system (CNS) …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) eradication or long-term suppression in the absence
of antiretroviral therapy (ART) requires an understanding of all viral reservoirs that could …

Inflammation is a hallmark of HIV infection. Among the multiple stimuli that can induce
inflammation in untreated infection, ongoing viral replication is a primary driver. After …

Understanding the cellular and anatomical sites of latent virus that contribute to human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rebound is essential for eradication. In HIV-positive patients …

Non-human primates (NHPs) are the most relevant model of Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) and neuroAIDS, being of great importance in explaining the pathogenesis …

CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is a chemoattractant for leukocytes including
monocytes, T cells, and natural killer cells and it plays an important role in maintaining the …