Background Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a significant public health issue. A
greater understanding of how genes and environment interact to regulate phenotypes …

Family, twin and adoption studies demonstrate clearly that alcohol dependence and alcohol
use disorders are phenotypically complex and heritable. The heritability of alcohol use …

Identification of causal variants and genes underlying genome-wide association study
(GWAS) loci is essential to understand the biology of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drinks …

Genetic variation underlying hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis overactivity in
healthy controls (HCs) and patients with severe forms of major depression has not been well …

Problematic social media use (PSMU) is a behavioral addiction, a specific form of
problematic Internet use associated with the uncontrolled use of social networks. It is typical …

Background Habitual alcohol use can be an indicator of alcohol dependence, which is
associated with a wide range of serious health problems. Methods We completed a genome …

Previous research supports gene–environment interactions for polymorphisms in the
corticotropin hormone receptor 1 gene (CRHR1) and the serotonin transporter gene linked …

During the critical developmental periods of childhood when neural plasticity is high,
exposure to early life stress (ELS) or trauma may lead to enduring changes in physiological …

The major neuropsychiatric disorders are devastating illnesses that are only modestly
responsive to treatment. Improving the treatment of these conditions will require innovative …

Alcoholism has a substantial heritability yet the detection of specific genetic influences has
largely proved elusive. The strongest findings are with genes encoding alcohol metabolizing …